2. CentOS软件包管理，设置软件源¶
2.1. 设置CentOS软件源¶
2.1.1. 本地软件源¶
设置和redhat相同请参考：RedHat软件包管理，设置软件源
2.1.2. 在线源¶
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/repository/conf/CentOS-7-anon.repo
2.1.3. epel源¶
方法1：
yum install https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
rpm --import https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/epel/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7
方法2：
yum install epel-release
2.1.4. CentOS8¶
CentOS-Base.repo 文件中，启用baseurl并且替换网址为https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com， Centos8 alt软件源合一了
[BaseOS]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base huawei
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=BaseOS&infra=$infra
baseurl=https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/$contentdir/$releasever/BaseOS/$basearch/os/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-centosofficial
2.1.5. Key的问题¶
一般一个repo有两个key。 repo key 和 package key
我们通过yum-config-manager添加repo， 通过 repm import引入key, 以kubernetes为例
yum-config-manager --add-repo
curl -OL https://packages.cloud.google.com/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg
2.1.6. 问题解决¶
如果出现repodata/repomd.xml Error 404
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* epel: fedora.cs.nctu.edu.tw
https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/centos/7/os/aarch64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] HTTPS Error 404 - Not Found
Trying other mirror.
To address this issue please refer to the below wiki article
https://wiki.centos.org/yum-errors
If above article doesn't help to resolve this issue please use https://bugs.centos.org/.
https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/centos/7/extras/aarch64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] HTTPS Error 404 - Not Found
Trying other mirror.
https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/centos/7/updates/aarch64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] HTTPS Error 404 - Not Found
解决办法修改CentOS-Base.repo, baseurl中的baseurl=https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/centos/ 修改为baseurl=https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/centos-altarch/7/updates/
[user1@kunpeng920 ~]$ sudo dnf config-manager
No such command: config-manager. Please use /bin/dnf --help
It could be a DNF plugin command, try: "dnf install 'dnf-command(config-manager)'"
解决办法：
sudo dnf install -y dnf-plugins-core
2.1.7. CentOS 常见依赖包¶
yum install bash-completion bash-completion-extras # 命令行补全
yum install ncurses-devel zlib-devel texinfo gtk+-devel gtk2-devel
qt-devel tcl-devel tk-devel libX11-devel kernel-headers kernel-devel
yum install https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
rpm –import https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/epel/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7
2.1.8. CentOS 软件包http手动下载¶
CentOS8 OS基础软件包: http://mirror.centos.org/centos/8/BaseOS/x86_64/kickstart/Packages/
CentOS8 APP软件包: http://mirror.centos.org/centos/8/AppStream/x86_64/kickstart/Packages/
2.1.9. CentOS 软件包常用命令¶
yum install iperf3
yum -y install firefox
yum remove firefox
yum -y remove firefox
yum update mysql
yum list openssh
yum list openssh-4.3p2
yum list installed | less #查询已安装软件包
yum list installed | grep kernel #查看已安装内核
yum search snappy
yum info snappy
yum update
yum repolist #查询已经启用的软件源
yum repolist all #查询所有软件源
yum config-manager --disable ovirt-4.1 #禁用软件源
dnf config-manager --disable ovirt-4.1 #禁用软件源
yum grouplist
yum groupinstall "Development Tools"
yum provides htop #查看拿个软件包提供命令
yum provides /usr/include/mysql/mysql.h #查看哪个软件包提供mysql.h
yum --enbalerepo=epel install phpmyadmin #指定软件源安装软件包
yum clean all #清除缓存
yum history #查看安装历史
yum list <package_name> --showduplicates #显示所有版本软件
yum install <package_name>-<version_info> #安装指定版本软件包
yum downgrade <package_name>-<version_info> #强制降级软件包
sudo dnf config-manager --add-repo https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/ceph/rpm-luminous/el7/aarch64/
sudo yum config-manager --add-repo https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/ceph/rpm-luminous/el7/aarch64/
yumdownloader --urls nload #获取nload的url下载地址
rpm -ivh [package_name] #安装软件包
rpm -Uvh [package_name] #升级软件包
rpm -e [package_name] #卸载软件包
rpm -qa #查询已安装软件包
rpm -q [package_name] #查询软件包是否已经安装
rpm -qi [package_name] #查看软件包信息
rpm -aql [package_name] #列出软件包安装的文件，也就是把哪些可执行文件复制到了系统目录
rpm -qf [绝对路径 ] #列出可执行文件/命令是由哪个安装包安装的
rpm -e kernel-debuginfo-4.14.0-115.el7a.aarch64 kernel-debuginfo-common-aarch64-4.14.0-115.el7a.aarch64 kernel-4.14.0-115.el7a.aarch64 kernel-devel-4.14.0-115.el7a.aarch64 #卸载内核
``